Chemical composition and physical properties of commercial pure titanium GR2 titanium rod
GR2 is an industrial titanium with a single alpha phase. Commercial pure titanium is divided into three grades: GR1, GR2, and GR3 based on impurity content. The interstitial impurity elements of these three types of industrial pure titanium gradually increase, so their mechanical strength and hardness also gradually increase, but the plasticity and toughness decrease accordingly.
Titanium is not a rare metal. Its content in the earth's crust reaches 6 parts per thousand. It ranks tenth among the most abundant elements in the earth's crust and fourth among the most abundant structural metallic elements, after aluminum, iron, and magnesium. Moreover, our country is very rich in titanium ore resources, and its reserves rank among the top in the world.
The commercially pure titanium commonly used in industry is GR2 because of its moderate corrosion resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties. GR3 can be used when wear resistance and strength requirements are high. GR1 can be used when better molding performance is required.
The crystal structure of pure titanium and most titanium alloys is a hexagonal close-packed (HCP) structure. Since the HCP structure has few slip systems and high plastic activation energy, it is difficult to undergo plastic deformation at room temperature. Therefore, currently, most titanium and titanium alloy products are mainly cast and hot processed.
TA1, TA2, and TA3 in the national standard correspond to Gr1, Gr2, and Gr3 in the UNS respectively.
When the iron content ω is 0.095%, the oxygen content ω is 0.08%, the hydrogen content ω is 0.0009%, and the nitrogen content ω is 0.0062%, GR1 and GR2 have good low-temperature toughness and high low-temperature strength, and can be used as - Low temperature structural materials below 253℃.
Titanium and titanium alloys are chemically very active and are easily oxidized at high temperatures. Special heating equipment and forming technology are usually required, resulting in high processing costs for titanium and titanium alloy products, which greatly limits their use in the field of civilian products. application. In recent years, with the rapid development of my country in aerospace, petrochemical, marine engineering and other fields, the demand and consumption of titanium materials have continued to increase. As of 2010, my country has become the third largest consumer of titanium materials in the world, with plates accounting for a large proportion.
Chemical composition content of GR2 titanium rod:
Titanium (Ti) balance,
Fe≤0.30
C≤0.10,
Nitrogen (N) ≤ 0.05,
Hydrogen(H)≤0.015
(O) Oxygen ≤ 0.25
As an emerging structural material, titanium alloy sheets currently lack basic data, and there is no unified understanding of the selection of processing technology and forming parameters. Moreover, the crystal structure of titanium alloy is different from that of traditional stamping materials (FCC, BCC), so the traditional stamping forming process is difficult to be directly applied to titanium alloy. These factors have greatly limited the wide application of titanium alloy plates.
GR2 alloy physical parameters
Density: 4.51g/cm3.
Melting point: 1660℃
Thermal expansion coefficient: 8.6×10^-6/℃
Thermal conductivity: 21.9 W/meter Kelvin
Conductivity: T3.3×10^5 ampere/volt·meter
The research on the stamping formability of titanium alloy sheets and the establishment of a basic database of formability indicators not only facilitate the selection of titanium alloys, but also play an important role in giving full play to the advantages of my country's titanium resources and promoting the development of titanium alloy materials. Build our country into an industrial and manufacturing powerhouse. Its theoretical value and practical significance.
