Application of titanium alloy
Titanium and titanium alloys are important structural metals developed in the 1950s. Titanium is widely used in various fields because of its low density, high specific strength, low thermal conductivity, good high-temperature and low-temperature resistance, strong corrosion resistance, and rich resources. Many countries in the world have recognized the importance of titanium alloy materials, have carried out research and development, and obtained practical applications in many industries.
Properties of commercially pure titanium:
Pure titanium has good plasticity, low strength, and is easy to form. After crystallization, there is an allotropic transformation. When heated to 882 °C, the α-titanium of the hexagonal close-packed lattice transforms into the β-titanium of the body-centered cubic lattice. In many media, the corrosion resistance of titanium is better than that of stainless steel, especially the ability to resist seawater corrosion is very outstanding. The grades of commercially pure titanium are GR1, GR2, GR3, and GR4. The larger the grade number, the more the mass fraction of impurities.
The characteristics of titanium alloy:
Titanium alloy (α+β) has better strength, heat resistance, and plasticity, and can be strengthened by heat treatment, so it has a wide range of applications. The grades of (α+β) titanium alloys include Gr5, Gr7, Gr9, Gr11, Gr23, etc. Among them, Ti-6Al-4V is the most widely used. After quenching (heating at 930 ℃) and aging treatment (540 ℃, 2 h), its R m can reach 1 274 MPa, A>13%, and it has high creep resistance, low-temperature toughness, and good corrosion resistance. Gr5 alloy is suitable for the manufacture of parts working below 400 °C and at low temperatures, such as rocket engine shells, liquid hydrogen fuel containers for rockets and missiles, etc.
References to titanium and titanium alloys:
1. Applicable fields of aviation:
⑴Engine, mainly the components of the compressor, including blades, hubs, inlet guide valves, and casings.
⑵ Landing gear/support frame, etc.
⑶ aircraft skeleton
⑷Riveting parts for wing skin and internal fixation
2. Aerospace field
⑴It can be used in high-pressure containers, fuel storage tanks, rocket engines, and missile casings in the rocket, missile, and spacecraft industries.
⑵Spaceship cabin skin and structural skeleton, main landing gear, lunar module, etc.
3. Military field
⑴The pressure hull of the submarine. The rudder, shaft bracket, ball valve, fire pump, heat exchanger, cooler, hull sonar dome, water jet propulsion system of the power plant
Propellers and propeller shafts.
⑵ Ship piping system, castings, etc. The condenser, steam generator, valve, large flange, torpedo launcher, whip antenna, pump body, etc. on the ship are all made of titanium.
(3) Some devices such as gun barrels, armored vehicles, engineering equipment, and new tanks are also made of titanium materials.
4. Chemical system
⑴Titanium and titanium alloys can be used to manufacture heat exchangers, reaction towers, distillers, scrubbers, synthesizers, autoclaves, valves, conduits, pumps, pipes, etc.
(2) The application of titanium materials in the chemical industry is mainly chloralkali, soda ash, vacuum salt making, petrochemical fiber, fine chemical industry, etc.
5. Application of titanium equipment in the petroleum industry (corrosion resistance of titanium)
(1) Crude oil contains sulfides and chlorides, which are very corrosive to equipment, and titanium basically solves the problem of equipment corrosion.
(2) Titanium equipment is widely used in the production process of refineries.
6. Application of titanium equipment in metallurgical industr
⑴In the production of electrolytic nickel, the equipment is exposed to solutions with high acid content and active ions, and titanium has excellent corrosion resistance, so it becomes an ideal material for manufacturing electrolytic nickel equipment.
⑵Application of titanium equipment in the production of electrolytic copper: Most of the heaters and cathode mother plates in the production of electrolytic copper are made of titanium.
(3) Hydrometallurgy of other metals: Titanium equipment is also used for the smelting of cobalt, zinc, aluminum, mercury, etc., and the purification of tungstic acid, etc.
7. Application of titanium equipment in ocean engineering
⑴ Offshore oil and gas development
(2) Titanium has strong corrosion resistance and high specific strength, and is used in seawater desalination and shipbuilding.
8. Application of titanium in medicine
(1) Human implants: Titanium has low modulus, high strength, and excellent biocompatibility. It is often used as a substitute material for human bones in medicine. Titanium is used to make elbow joints, bone screws, hip and knee joints, and bone plates.
⑵Dental implants, crowns and bridges, intradental stents, tooth wires and orthodontics, titanium instruments for surgery, pharmaceuticals, heart rate regulator boxes, etc.
9. Sporting Goods
The head of the golf club is made of titanium alloy, titanium bicycles, titanium badminton rackets, tennis rackets, saddles for horse race riders, etc.
10. Automobile manufacturing industry:
The application of Taiji titanium alloy in automobiles can play a comprehensive role in weight reduction, energy saving, shock absorption, noise reduction, pollution reduction, life extension, and improvement of automobile safety and comfort.
