Introduction and application of pure titanium G2R material

            Industrial pure titanium is graded according to the content of impurity elements . It has excellent stamping process performance and welding performance, is not sensitive to heat treatment and tissue type, and has a certain strength under satisfactory plasticity conditions. Its strength mainly depends on the content of interstitial elements oxygen and nitrogen. It has high corrosion resistance in seawater but poor in inorganic acids. It is generally used to manufacture various plate parts or forgings that are not stressed and work at temperatures from minus 253 degrees Celsius to 350 degrees Celsius. It can also be used to manufacture rivets, wires and pipes.

          Industrial pure titanium is divided into three grades: GR1, GR2, and GR3 according to different impurity contents. The interstitial impurity elements of these three types of industrial pure titanium gradually increase, so their mechanical strength and hardness also gradually increase, but the plasticity and toughness decrease. However, TA2 is an industrial single α phase, which is commonly used in industry. Pure titanium is GR2 because of its moderate corrosion resistance and comprehensive performance. GR3 can be used when higher wear resistance and strength requirements are required. TA1 can be used when better molding performance is required.

         GR2 pure titanium material is processed into plates, bars, pipes, coils, wire forgings, forged pipes, forged plates, forged cakes and other materials. GR2 pure titanium has excellent mechanical properties, with high strength, high hardness and good corrosion resistance and plasticity. With its advantages, it has become the preferred material in many aviation, aerospace, medical and other fields.

Titanium has high chemical activity and can react with many elements. It can react with carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor, ammonia and many volatile organic compounds at high temperatures. Titanium reacts with certain gases, not only forming compounds on the surface, but also entering the metal lattice to form interstitial solid solutions. Except for hydrogen, the reaction process is irreversible. 

When titanium is heated in air medium at normal operating temperature, it will form an extremely thin, dense and stable oxide film. Has a protective effect, preventing oxygen from diffusing into the metal without further oxidation; therefore, titanium is stable in air below 500 °C. Below 538°C, the oxidation of titanium follows a parabolic law. When the temperature is above 800°C, the oxide film decomposes, and oxygen atoms enter the metal lattice with the oxide film as the conversion layer, causing the oxygen content of titanium to increase and the oxide film to become thicker. At this time, the oxide film has no protective effect and will become crisp.

Forging: The heating temperature for ingot opening is 1000~1050℃, and the deformation amount per fire is controlled at 40%~50%. The heating temperature for blank forging is 900~950℃, and the deformation is controlled at 30%~40%. The die forging heating temperature is 900~950℃, and the final forging temperature should not be lower than 650℃. In order to achieve the desired size of the finished parts, the subsequent repeated heating temperature should not exceed 815℃, or approximately 95℃ lower than the beta transformation temperature. m.

In the casting of industrial pure titanium, steel ingots or deformed rods smelted in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace can be used as consumable electrodes and cast in a vacuum consumable electrode arc furnace. The casting mold can be graphite processing type, graphite pressing type and investment shell type.

Industrial titanium is suitable for various weldings. The welded joint has excellent flow characteristics and has the same strength, plasticity and corrosion resistance as the base metal.

     Because industrial pure titanium has good comprehensive properties and excellent corrosion resistance, it has become an indispensable structural material for many industrial parts. As a biological implant material, it has been widely used clinically since the 1960s. Among all commonly used implant metal materials, titanium has good biocompatibility, and because its density and elasticity are close to human bone, it is also non-magnetic. Therefore, among the three major metal implant materials: stainless steel, cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy and titanium, titanium is the most promising bioengineering material. The application of titanium has solved many major engineering and technical problems, promoted scientific and technological progress, and brought obvious economic benefits. The excellent performance and huge potential of titanium have also demonstrated a broader prospect for its application.